HFSE-enriched sapphires of gem quality: A combined FTIR and trace element study and implications for heat treatment detection

In recent years, an increasing number of sources of fei cui, such as Guatemala, Italy and Russia, ha

Performing a literature search is a very important—but often neglected—part of doing gemmologica

Over the past several years, the market for pink-coloured rose quartz has been augmented by variants