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HomeIGC 2025Padparadscha Sapphire & heat treatment
17. Nov
IGC 2025

Padparadscha Sapphire & heat treatment

Stephen Kennedy

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SapphireTreatments
17. Nov
IGC 2025
Pink-orange gem quality euclase from Bahia, Brazil

Euclase, monoclinic crystal system—is a seldomly occurring mineral and with a Mohs hardness of 7 a

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Elodie
17. Nov
IGC 2025
Colored gemstones of metamorphic origin: Progress report in understanding how they crystallize at depth in East Africa, the Hindu Kush, Pamir Mountains, and the Middle-Urals Ring Structure

It is difficult to reconcile the existence of deposits of trans- parent gems of metamorphic origin w

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Laurent Cartier
17. Nov
IGC 2025
Cross-Cultural Provenance and Characterization of Turquoise Artefacts: A Multi-Analytical Non-Destructive Study of Reshui Tomb Cluster, China (744 AD) and Tepeh Zagheh, Iran (5200–4200 BCE)

Turquoise has long held considerable cultural, economic, and symbolic significance across ancient ci

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Elodie

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